巴哈是第一位用《平均律》寫出所有調性樂曲的作曲家,這兩部《十二平均律曲集》的創作動機方面,比較早完成的第一部,是要給兒子練琴用的教材。而在晚年完成的第二部則是純興趣,或是為了匯集整理自己一生的心得。
在鋼琴音樂當中,巴哈的《十二平均律曲集》被譽為鋼琴的《舊約聖經》,而貝多芬的三十二首鋼琴奏鳴曲則被稱作鋼琴的《新約聖經》。舒曼曾說:「將《十二平均律曲集》作為每日必備的課業,你必能成為一位出色的音樂家。」
埃德溫‧費雪(Edwin Fischer,1886-1960),1886年出生於瑞士巴塞爾,1960年在瑞士蘇黎士逝世。費雪能夠演奏所有德國古典、浪漫派作品,留下不少質量極為優秀的錄音,同時他也是率先恢復在鍵盤上指揮,並演奏巴哈與莫札特作品的鋼琴家之一。
《十二平均律曲集》錄音是費雪研究巴哈作品的重要里程碑。這是第一套(多年來也是唯一一套)《十二平均律曲集》全集錄音,首次發行至今已有六十多年,但是它仍然稱得上本世紀最優秀的錄音之一。
在旋律線條與微妙的音色變化上,為這套專輯挑選曲目的布蘭德爾認為,選出的這幾首前奏曲與賦格是他聽過最令人興奮的演出。在費雪詮釋的巴哈裡,每個聲部都有自己的個性與色彩,複雜的對位結構明晰,但是又不流於一般鋼琴家在詮釋巴哈時,完全仰賴敲擊鍵盤的方式以求各聲部的結構清楚。
費雪尤其重視音質,很少人能彈出如他一般美麗的最弱音樂句。毫無敲擊痕跡的圓滑線樂句有著如宗教般自然安詳的氣息,這種特色在《十二平均律曲集》第一輯的升C小調、降B小調、B大調前奏曲與賦格,還有F小調、升F小調及B小調賦格可以清楚聽見。
《十二平均律曲集》第二輯的E大調前奏曲與賦格、升C小調前奏曲、降B大調前奏曲及升B小調前奏曲是費雪音色變換的最好範例。甚至在費雪特意誇大風格的樂曲裡,最弱音樂句還是經常在音樂裡出現,第二輯的D小調前奏曲第十八小節就是最好的例子,突如其來的動態把樂曲帶往令人興奮卻又充滿張力的境地。(以上內容節錄自
二十世紀偉大鋼琴家系列Edwin Fischer第一卷說明書)
相關文章:
巴哈《十二平均律曲集》Ⅰ(BWV-846-869)
巴哈《十二平均律曲集》Ⅱ(BWV-870-893)
【招生】偽.R☆S團 免費擴大招生實施中
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Well-Tempered Clavier (Das Wohltemperierte Clavier) Book 1, BWV 846 - BWV 869
PIANO : Edwin Fischer / year 1933-34
No.01 C大調前奏曲(Prelude in C major, BWV-846)
No.01 C大調賦格(Fugue in C major, BWV-846)
No.02 C小調前奏曲(Prelude in C minor, BWV-847)
No.02 C小調賦格(Fugue in C minor, BWV-847)
No.03 升C大調前奏曲(Prelude in C sharp major, BWV-848)
No.03 升C大調賦格(Fugue in C sharp major, BWV-848)
No.04 升C小調前奏曲(Prelude in C sharp minor, BWV-849)
No.04 升C小調賦格(Fugue in C sharp minor, BWV-849)
No.05 D大調前奏曲(Prelude in D major, BWV-850)
No.05 D大調賦格(Fugue in D major, BWV-850)
No.06 D小調前奏曲(Prelude in D minor, BWV-851)
No.06 D小調賦格(Fugue in D minor, BWV-851)
No.07 降E大調前奏曲(Prelude in E flat major, BWV-852)
No.07 降E大調賦格(Fugue in E flat major, BWV-852)
No.08 降E小調前奏曲(Prelude in E flat minor, BWV-853)
No.08 降E小調賦格(Fugue in E flat minor, BWV-853)
No.09 E大調前奏曲(Prelude in E major, BWV-854)
No.09 E大調賦格(Fugue in E major, BWV-854)
No.10 E小調前奏曲(Prelude in E minor, BWV-855)
No.10 E小調賦格(Fugue in E minor, BWV-855)
No.11 F大調前奏曲(Prelude in F major, BWV-856)
No.11 F大調賦格(Fugue in F major, BWV-856)
No.12 F小調前奏曲(Prelude in F minor, BWV-857)
No.12 F小調賦格(Fugue in F minor, BWV-857)
No.13 升F大調前奏曲(Prelude in F sharp major, BWV-858)
No.13 升F大調賦格(Fugue in F sharp major, BWV-858)
No.14 升F小調前奏曲(Prelude in F sharp minor, BWV-859)
No.14 升F小調賦格(Fugue in F sharp minor, BWV-859)
No.15 G大調前奏曲(Prelude in G major, BWV-860)
No.15 G大調賦格(Fugue in G major, BWV-860)
No.16 G小調前奏曲(Prelude in G minor, BWV-861)
No.16 G小調賦格(Fugue in G minor, BWV-861)
No.17 降A大調前奏曲(Prelude in A flat major, BWV-862)
No.17 降A大調賦格(Fugue in A flat major, BWV-862)
No.18 升G小調前奏曲(Prelude in G sharp minor, BWV-863)
No.18 升G小調賦格(Fugue in G sharp minor, BWV-863)
No.19 A大調前奏曲(Prelude in A major, BWV-864)
No.19 A大調賦格(Fugue in A major, BWV-864)
No.20 A小調前奏曲(Prelude in A minor, BWV-865)
No.20 A小調賦格(Fugue in A minor, BWV-865)
No.21 降B大調前奏曲(Prelude in B flat major, BWV-866)
No.21 降B大調賦格(Fugue in B flat major, BWV-866)
No.22 降B小調前奏曲(Prelude in B flat minor, BWV-867)
No.22 降B小調賦格(Fugue in B flat minor, BWV-867)
No.23 B大調前奏曲(Prelude in B major, BWV-868)
No.23 B大調賦格(Fugue in B major, BWV-868)
No.24 B小調前奏曲(Prelude in B minor, BWV-869)
No.24 B小調賦格(Fugue in B minor, BWV-869)
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Well-Tempered Clavier (Das Wohltemperierte Clavier) Book 2, BWV 870 - BWV 893
PIANO : Edwin Fischer / year 1935-36
No.01 C大調前奏曲(Prelude in C major, BWV-870)
No.01 C大調賦格(Fugue in C major, BWV-870)
No.02 C小調前奏曲(Prelude in C minor, BWV-871)
No.02 C小調賦格(Fugue in C minor, BWV-871)
No.03 升C大調前奏曲(Prelude in C sharp major, BWV-872)
No.03 升C大調賦格(Fugue in C sharp major, BWV-872)
No.04 升C小調前奏曲(Prelude in C sharp minor, BWV-873)
No.04 升C小調賦格(Fugue in C sharp minor, BWV-873)
No.05 D大調前奏曲(Prelude in D major, BWV-874)
No.05 D大調賦格(Fugue in D major, BWV-874)
No.06 D小調前奏曲(Prelude in D minor, BWV-875)
No.06 D小調賦格(Fugue in D minor, BWV-875)
No.07 降E大調前奏曲(Prelude in E flat major, BWV-876)
No.07 降E大調賦格(Fugue in E flat major, BWV-876)
No.08 降E小調前奏曲(Prelude in E flat minor, BWV-877)
No.08 降E小調賦格(Fugue in E flat minor, BWV-877)
No.09 E大調前奏曲(Prelude in E major, BWV-878)
No.09 E大調賦格(Fugue in E major, BWV-878)
No.10 E小調前奏曲(Prelude in E minor, BWV-879)
No.10 E小調賦格(Fugue in E minor, BWV-879)
No.11 F大調前奏曲(Prelude in F major, BWV-880)
No.11 F大調賦格(Fugue in F major, BWV-880)
No.12 F小調前奏曲(Prelude in F minor, BWV-881)
No.12 F小調賦格(Fugue in F minor, BWV-881)
No.13 升F大調前奏曲(Prelude in F sharp major, BWV-882)
No.13 升F大調賦格(Fugue in F sharp major, BWV-882)
No.14 升F小調前奏曲(Prelude in F sharp minor, BWV-883)
No.14 升F小調賦格(Fugue in F sharp minor, BWV-883)
No.15 G大調前奏曲(Prelude in G major, BWV-884)
No.15 G大調賦格(Fugue in G major, BWV-884)
No.16 G小調前奏曲(Prelude in G minor, BWV-885)
No.16 G小調賦格(Fugue in G minor, BWV-885)
No.17 降A大調前奏曲(Prelude in A flat major, BWV-886)
No.17 降A大調賦格(Fugue in A flat major, BWV-886)
No.18 升G小調前奏曲(Prelude in G sharp minor, BWV-887)
No.18 升G小調賦格(Fugue in G sharp minor, BWV-887)
No.19 A大調前奏曲(Prelude in A major, BWV-888)
No.19 A大調賦格(Fugue in A major, BWV-888)
No.20 A小調前奏曲(Prelude in A minor, BWV-889)
No.20 A小調賦格(Fugue in A minor, BWV-889)
No.21 降B大調前奏曲(Prelude in B flat major, BWV-890)
No.21 降B大調賦格(Fugue in B flat major, BWV-890)
No.22 降B小調前奏曲(Prelude in B flat minor, BWV-891)
No.22 降B小調賦格(Fugue in B flat minor, BWV-891)
No.23 B大調前奏曲(Prelude in B major, BWV-892)
No.23 B大調賦格(Fugue in B major, BWV-892)
No.24 B小調前奏曲(Prelude in B minor, BWV-893)
No.24 B小調賦格(Fugue in B minor, BWV-893)
出處:
http://public-domain-archive.com/classic/compositions.php?lang=eng&composer_no=19